When constructing on a slope, stepped foundations can be used. Often made from concrete, the foundation is comprised of a series of horizontal steps following the slope of the ground. The main function of the foundation is to spread the load of the structure evenly across the slope and to provide a level surface for the construction of the building.

Step foundations can be used to transition from deep foundations to shallow foundations, and at corners and intersections.

Each step in the foundation should be no higher than the thickness of the foundation.

Advantages of Stepped Foundations

• Cost effective as it minimises the amount of excavation and below ground construction needed

• Stability against soil erosion and landslides

• Stability on sloped and uneven ground

• Can be adapted to a variety of different site conditions

• Can be aesthetic as it provides a terraced landscape that blends in with the natural surroundings

Disadvantages of Stepped Foundations

• Can be complex to design and may need a structural engineer

• Increased construction time compared to other foundation types

• Increased construction cost compared to other foundation types

• May require more maintenance than other foundation types

• Risk of water infiltration if not properly designed